小編導讀：本文由留學生dissertation中心reference怎么寫專欄整理提供，全文從八個方面來詳細解讀了reference的寫法。該文由哈佛大學專家組導師提供資料，本站小編整合進行發布，很有用的參考資料哦。

1一個作者在文章中的注明，有兩種方式：
1）作者姓氏在文章中直接標注，如：In general, when writing for a professional publication, it is good practice to make reference to other relevant published work. This view has been supported in the work of Cormack (1994).如果直接引用原文，則必須用‘’號標注引用部分，并標注引用部分所在的文獻頁數，如：Cormack (1994, pp.32-33) states that 'when writing for a professional readership, writers invariably make reference to already published works'.
2) 作者姓氏不在文章中直接標注，如Making reference to published work appears to be characteristic of writing for a professional audience (Cormack, 1994).

2一個作者以上在文章中的注明，如：
Jones (1946) and Smith (1948) have both shown …
或者：Further research in the late forties (Jones, 1946; Smith, 1948) lead to major developments……(Collins, 1998; Brown, 2001; Davies, 2008)

3 二、三、四個作者寫同一篇文獻， 如：
During the mid nineties research undertaken in Luton (Slater and Jones, 1996) showed that...or：Earlier research (White and Brown, 1966) demonstrated that the presence of certain chemicals would lead to...

4 多于4個作者來自同一篇文章， 如：Green, et al. (1995) found that the majority …or:：Recent research (Green, et al., 1995) has found that the majority of …

5 同一個作者不同時期的文章should be cited in chronological order (i.e. earliest first) ，如:
as suggested by Bloggs (1992, 1994) who found that …or： research in the nineties (Bloggs 1992, 1994) found that …

6 同一個作者，同一年份，不同作品，如：
Earlier research by Dunn (1993a) found that…but later research suggested again by Dunn (1993b) that …

If several works published in the same year are referred to on a single occasion, or an author has made the same point in several publications, they can all be referred to by using lower case letters (as above):
Bloggs (1993a, b) has stated on more than one occasion that …

7 書的章節作者

In his work on health information, Smith (1975) states …

In the reference list at the end of your document, you should include details of both the chapter author and the editor of the entire work
(See Section on Chapters of edited books for further details).

8 ‘企事業單位‘作者
This applies to publications by associations, companies, government departments etc. such as Department of the Environment or Royal College of Nursing.#p#分頁標題#e#

It is acceptable to use standard abbreviations for these bodies, e.g. RCN, in your text, providing that the full name is given at the first citing with the abbreviation in brackets:
1st citation:

… research in 2006 undertaken by the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) has shown that …

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