本研究將通過(guò)運(yùn)用比較研究的方法，比較古典音樂(lè)與浪漫音樂(lè)的特點(diǎn)，從主題、音樂(lè)結(jié)構(gòu)、旋律、和聲這四個(gè)方面來(lái)分析和探討浪漫主義時(shí)期的作曲技法。

在古典時(shí)期的音樂(lè)主題的主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)，然而，浪漫主義音樂(lè)的主題是從寫(xiě)作的古典風(fēng)格完全不同，因?yàn)槔寺髁x時(shí)代是抒發(fā)感情的最好時(shí)期，大多數(shù)音樂(lè)家的作品抒情性極強(qiáng)，它根本不適合古典的動(dòng)機(jī)的發(fā)展，因此對(duì)他們的作品主題的發(fā)展變化。

在古典時(shí)期，以理性思想為主，音樂(lè)的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)和規(guī)范，音樂(lè)形式基本固定。從早期的浪漫主義作曲家舒伯特，一些古典音樂(lè)形式的原則逐漸消失，在舒伯特、舒曼、Liszt、勃拉姆斯和其他偉大的作曲家，他們的歌曲風(fēng)格被更多的創(chuàng)作自由和靈活。他們的作品體現(xiàn)了浪漫主義時(shí)期的自由和靈活組合的音樂(lè)形式，這也體現(xiàn)了鮮明的時(shí)代，浪漫主義音樂(lè)的個(gè)性化特征。

 

New compositional techniques of the Romantic period

This study will adopt desk research method, through the use of comparative study to compare the characteristics between classical music and romantic music, from theme, musical structure, melody, harmony, these four aspects to analyze and discuss compositional techniques of the Romantic period.

Theme of music in classical period is mostly motivational, however, the theme of romantic music is completely different from the classical style of writing, since the era of romanticism is the best era to express feelings, lyrical nature of most musicians’ works is extremely strong and it is fundamentally unsuitable for development of classical motivation, so the development of theme of the their works uses more variation technique (Palisca, 1996).

In the classical period, dominated by rational thought, music was rigorous and standardized, musical form was substantially fixed (Grout and Palisca, 1996). From the early Romantic composer Schubert, some of the principles of classical musical form had gradually disappeared (Cairns, 1969), in terms of Schubert, Schumann, Liszt, Brahms and other great composers, their song styles were more creative freedom and flexible (Plantinga, 1984). Their work reflected the musical form of the free and flexible composition of the Romantic period, it also reflected the distinctive, personalized characteristics of a romantic music era (Plantinga, 1984).

From the perspective of melody, melody of traditional music is based on smooth, nature undulating, regularity (Schonberg, 1997), and the melody of music in Romantic period was often not smooth, there was angular, sometimes it avoided melody factors in traditional music and replaced melody with other sound manners (Treitler, 1998).

Harmony is an important tool for the performance of romanticism, expansion and free use of dissonance, frequent appearance of 7 and 9 chord, chromatic method and inflection in music expand the scope of harmony to enhance the expression of harmony (Grout and Palisca, 1996).#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

It is noteworthy that romantic music is a continuation and development of classical music, from the point of view of composer techniques, classical music already contains romantic elements, and there are also many features of classical music in romantic works.