創業管理留學dissertation

步入21世紀以來，美容問題變得更為普遍，并更為社會所接受。因此，美容業開始專注于使用安全的、環保的材料。美容業，也被稱為化妝品行業，開始銷售各類產品，如指甲油、眼線筆、眼影、粉盒、口紅、護膚霜、潤膚露、祛皺劑、瘦身套餐、潮流發型及其它。以上所有的產品和服務使美容業如今蓬勃發展。因此，美容業被許多經營者視為商機。

 

據調查，相比以前，如今美容業更能賺錢。雜志是推廣新產品或服務的主要渠道。 市場上每個月似乎都有新產品或服務出現，讓中老年女性變得青春，讓年輕女性變得有魅力。每一本雜志都有一大塊美容咨詢板塊，因為商人都愿意花重金去推廣他們的產品。

 

調查過后，我們決定進軍美容業。我們的名字是環球美容。我們所提供的服務是瘦身套餐、潮流發型、面部護理、按摩、溫泉療養、美甲、化妝課程、潮流服飾以及搭配。我們為客戶提供從頭到腳全身服務，使客戶煥然一新。服務套餐價值RM300及以上。而價格取決于客戶選擇的服務，不同服務，價格不同。

 

As we moved into the 21th century, the issue of beauty became commonplace and more widely accepted among this society. Therefore, beauty industry began to focus the efforts on ensuring safety standard and ingredients that used is environmental friendly. Beauty industry or known as cosmetic industry, start to sell the products ranging from liquid nail polish, heavy eyeliners, eye shadows, powder compacts, lipsticks, skin creams, lotions, wrinkle removers, slimming package, fashion hair cut service and others. This entire product and services helped to shape the beauty industry into the booming business today. Consequently, beauty industry is considering as the business opportunity for many entrepreneurs.

 

According to researcher, there is a lot of money to be made in beauty compare to now more than ever. Magazine is the main way to promote the new product or services. Every month, there seems to be a new product or services on the market, which helps to promote youth for older women and glamour for younger women. Every magazine has a huge beauty section because the businessman are willing to pay a wide cost for the advertising of the products.

 

After make the survey, we are going to venture in this beauty industry. Our business name is Universal Beauty. The services that we provide is slimming package, fashion hair cut service, face treatment, massage, spa, nail design, makeups course, fashion clothes, and perfect match. All this services is provide for customers from head to legs, which can change the customer from old look to a desire new look. The service package is worth from RM3000 and above. The price is depends on the service that customers choose, difference services is design for difference price.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

Our business target market is the woman and also man who are still single and available and their age is around 30 until 50 years olds. This target market has financial ability and the needs of self-esteem. The person on this age is under the consideration of our business. They have the ability to visit our service and utilize the service we provide. Moreover, the business that we provide is more attractive for this kind of target market. The ability of financial ability and the requirement of the services is consequently attracts them to our business.

 

2.0識別商機---2.0 Identifying and recognizing opportunities

 

It is important to find out the opportunities when plan to venture in the new business. An opportunity is a favourable set of circumstances that creates a need for a new product, service or business. There are three ways to identify the opportunity, observing trends, solving problems, and findings a gap in the marketplace. Before carry out the business we observing the trends, the most important trend are economic forces, social forces, technological advances and also the political action and regulatory change. The economic forces in nowadays is stable enough for our target market to get in our service. Besides that, social forces in behave of woman that still single interest in our business. Technological advances in nowadays are high enough to meet the requirement of our target market. The machines we use for the service is import from overseas. Moreover we also observe the political trends and regulatory change in the market place. We fix to the changes by time to time, in order to make our business flow efficiency.

 

The second approach is solving the problem that faced by the targeted woman. The third approaches is finding gaps in the marketplace, we create the service that can fulfill the need of our target market. By fulfill the gaps, we can occupied the opportunities to venture in our business. There are four essential qualities for an opportunity for a business to be ventured. The four essential opportunities are attractive, timely, and durable which can anchored in the service that creates or add value for the customer. We found out that the business that we are going to carry out can attract the customer, especially the woman who are above 30 years old and are still single. The service that we provided up to date instead of outdated, and we provide the services right at time. This is because todays woman start to work in the marketplace, consequently cause them seldom have time to involve in social life. Indirectly they have no time to find their lovers and also to care about their appearance. Therefore, we are going to venture in this beauty industry to fulfill their needs at the right time. Moreover we believe that our business can long lasting in this beauty industry, this is because beauty is needed by woman in today’s world, especially woman that have financial ability, they would like to spend in order to get what they desire. Lastly, we trust that the services that we provide can add values for the consumers. The services we provide can help customers to get back their beauty appearance, thus increase their confidence to find their dream lovers.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

Furthermore, before we start up our business, first activities that we carry out is to raise the money neither among shareholders nor loan from bank. In our business there are 5 shareholders, each of us will invest about RM40000 to raise the capital as our capital. Besides that, we also decide to loan from Public Bank about RM50000 to increase the capital for our business. Consequently we have around RM 250000 to start up our business. All of the capital, we will use in our business purpose. We decided to expense around RM 80000 to buy the high advances technology for our business. The technology that we buy was import from overseas. Besides that, we plan to use RM 50000 to decorate and fit up the building. We also use RM 30000 to buy others equipment for the purpose of our business, at the same times we also utilize around RM 30000 to buy the stock that need to start up our business. The rest RM40000 is remain as reserve capital, which can be used in future.

 

3.0可行性分析---3.0 Feasibility Analysis

 

In order to start up our business, we have created a questionnaire to collect the feedback from the respondents. Therefore, we can know the market requirement and customer wants. We have stated in the front page of the questionnaire that all the information provided by the respondent will be remains private and confidential. It can help to provide privacy for our respondents.

 

In the questionnaire, we divided into two categories. First part we ask about the demographic profile of the respondents. Second part our question set according to the features of our service.

 

Next, the questionnaires that created were printed out and distributed it to the respondents in Kuala Lumpur. We spend almost 3 days to conduct this survey. We have distributed the questionnaire for the respondents in convenient. The place that we distributed the questionnaire to the respondents in the location likes Sungai Wang shopping centre, The Store and Tesco. The questionnaires that created were printed out and distributed to the respondents in the area of Kuala Lumpur conveniently.

 

4.0有效的商業模式---4.0 Effective Business Model

 

4.1 Core strategy

 

A Mission statement is a very important component to an organization’s because it clearly defines the fundamental purpose of the organization. This purpose of existence will be the uniting factor for the organization towards the achievement of their organizational goals. Our business’s mission statement is to help the single woman to get back their own confidence and find a suitable beloved for them. We can fulfil the customer’s needs and wants by providing the most excellent services for them. We will use the latest technology for our dearest customers.

 

It is very important that a new venture differentiate itself from its competitors in some way that is important to its customers and is not easy to copy. Therefore, we should have a something special from those of the competitors in order to survive and succeed in this competitive marketplace. Our company will provide training services for the single ladies to help them to shape a perfect image according to their own desire. Our company will hire some experienced beauty consultants to give the professional advices and comments. We will try our best to coordinate and satisfy customer requirements. We are the first company that provides such services to the customers which it never has been done in Malaysia.

 

4.2 Strategic Resources

 

A business is not able to implement a strategy without adequate resources. This reality means that a company’s resources subsequently affect how the business model is used. Our business’s core competency is in green technology. We will use the products, equipment and systems according to the great nature’s beauty secret and uses extraordinary nature ingredients. The product we provide is safe to use and can promote for health base.

 

Strategic assets are anything rare and valuable that a business owns. They include plant and equipment, location, brands, patents, customer data, a highly qualified staff, and distinctive partnerships. Our business has high-tech machines and equipment that are imported from overseas. We will have collaboration with Malaysian Green Technology Corporation (GreenTech Malaysia) to make sure that our technologies and services will reach the highest standards. This is to provide excellent and high quality of services for the customers. Other than that, our company is equipped with staffs and workers who are trained to administer as well as give advice and recommendations on how to shape a perfect image for the customers. The professional consultants understand customers' requirements and are equipped with the knowledge to help customers get back their confidence. Moreover, the design of our beauty business will create a setting comfortable and relaxing place to customers. The concept and design of our business is based on the nature themes and materials such as wood, rope, stones and water to create a truly zen-like ambience that will promote the ultimate sense of physical and spiritual well-being.

 

4.3 Partnership Network

 

As a new venture, we are typically does not have sufficient resources to perform all the tasks required in this business. Therefore, we are rely on partners to perform the business key roles. Our business has five partners who are the main shareholders. We need sufficient capital in order to begin the business. Consequently, we will find out different alternative to get the funds that we need. We are planning to borrow some money from bank. In the meantime, we will also cooperate with other companies such as The Face Shop, Natural Republic, and The Body Shop. This is because their concepts are quite similar with our business which are using natural ingredients and does not have any side effect to the customers.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

4.4 Customer Interface

 

The way our business competes with other company is through customer interface. Our business target market is the single woman, their age above 30 years old. The women of this age have a strong purchasing power than the others if they have no lover and children. These kinds of woman only focus on their job. They have no time to spend their money to go for shopping, dress up themselves and also even no time to meet new friends. Fulfilment the opportunity and gaps are very important for a business to success. It describes the way a business’s product or service reaches the customer’s needs. It also refers to the channels a company uses and what level of customer support it provides. We will provide training to our staffs and workers in order to let them know how to reach excellent services to the customers in a right and effective way. Pricing strategies for services is main ways to improve profits. Reasonable price attract more customer, which can earn more profit when a lot of customer were using our service. When price are already at the reasonable stage but the sales are hard to find, adopting a better pricing strategy is a key option to stay viable. Our business will use the competition pricing strategy to set the prices. We are setting a price in comparison with our competitors in the market place. Really a firm has three options and these are to price lower, price the same or price higher. Our company offer a price matching services to match what the competitors are offering. Our company will evaluate first the prices of similar services that are on the market. We also should do some research which conducted in a number of areas including the customer market and competitors of the services.

 

5.0道德及法律問題---5.0 Ethical and Legal issue

 

Legal and ethical issues become common nowadays. Entrepreneur in the market will sue and can be sued by others company when problems are formed.

 

Company can be sued by employees based on employee issues, such as sexual harassment in workplace and discrimination toward employees. Sexual harassment is defined as any unwanted conduct of a sexual nature having the effect of verbal, non-verbal, visual, psychological or physical harassment. This research shows that sexual harassment in the workplace includes any employment related sexual harassment occurring outside the workplace as a result of employment responsibilities or employment relationship, situations under which such employment-related sexual harassment may take place includes, but is not limited to at work-related social functions, in the course of work assignments outside the workplace, at work-related conferences or training sessions, during work-related travel, over the phone and through electronic media. To overcome this problem, employees who been sexual harassment may sue the company by law. Law in Malaysia to deal specifically with sexual harassment can protect the employees from sexual harassment. According to Penal Code, section 509, this law provide:#p#分頁標題#e#

 

"WHOEVER, INTENDING TO INSULT THE MODESTY OF ANY WOMEN, UTTERS ANY WORDS, MAKES ANY SOUND OR GESTURE OR EXHIBIT ANY OBJECT, INTENDING THAT SUCH WORD OR SOUND SHALL BE HEARD, OR SUCH GESTURE OR OBJECT SHALL BE SEEN BY SUCH WOMAN, SHALL BE PUNISHED WITH IMPRISONMENT FOR A TERM WHICH MAY EXTEND TO 5 YEARS OR WITH FINE, OR WITH BOTH". Discrimination toward employees can lead the company be sued. Discrimination means treating some people differently from others. It is not always unlawful .Equal opportunities law aim to create a 'level playing field' so that people are employed, paid, trained and promoted only because of their skills, abilities and how they do their job. Discrimination happens when an employer treats one employee less favourably than others. It could mean a female employee being paid less than a male colleague for doing the same job, or a minority ethnic employee being refused the training opportunities offered to white colleagues. Company can be sued based on discrimination on gender, marriage or civil partnership, gender reassignment ,pregnancy and maternity leave, sexual orientation, disability, race, colour, ethnic background, nationality, religion or belief, age. Direct discrimination happens when an employer treats an employee less favourably than someone else because of one of the above reasons. Indirect discrimination is when a working condition or rule disadvantages one group of people more than another.

 

Hiring practice also will cause ethical issue to company. This is because the obligations and rights of an employment contract are covered by the Employment law. When an offer for employment is made by an employer to an employee, the law governing the relationship between an employee and an employer begins. The key to the shift in motivational leadership is a concept known as "pay for performance." The notion in which at its most extreme makes every employee's compensation variable and depend on his or her productivity in order to make success of the company. This may cause company be sued because employees will feel inequity and they will expect the company will pay employees equally.

 

Cultural difference in the workplace implies influences other than those that may be cherished by management and supervision. These influences might be racial, ethnic, related to the physical challenges faced by a single worker, or social influences, like language or membership in certain organizations. These group influences can create a sense of "community" among group members. This is a concept about which even sociologists can't agree, save for the fact that a community must be self-aware. That self-awareness, when it means workers who are "different" might band together into a "community" within the workplace, can lead to a loss of management control in the single-minded pursuit of the company's objectives. The cultural from western country and eastern country are totally difference. Western country is more open-minded than eastern country. Kissing is a basic courtesy in western country; however, eastern country will look it as sexual harassment. The company will be sued if employ different culture of employees.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

Company will be sued through legal issue such as financial problem. The financial statement of a company must be clear cut and transparency to avoid sued by government. Company must pay tax according the amount that fixed by government. Bribery is “the practice of offering something (money) in order to gain an illicit advantages. It is never appropriate to ask your employees to do personal favours for you in return for promotions, time off, great projects or any other employment benefits. Company will be sued when try to give bribery towards employees for getting some benefits. Even asking for something seemingly harmless such as dog-sitting while you are out of town or helping you paint your rooms in exchange for an employment benefit is not okay and can lead to lawsuits, high turnover, employee disengagement, and the termination of your employment.

 

The main legislation providing for the health and safety of people in the workplace is the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act 2005. This Act consolidates and updates the provisions of the Safety, Health and Welfare Act 1989. It applies to all employers, employees (including fixed-term and temporary employees) and self-employed people in their workplaces. The Act sets out the rights and obligations of both employers and employees and provides for substantial fines and penalties for breaches of the health and safety legislation. Company must ensure that the way work is done is safe and does not affect employees’ health. Besides, company must ensure that tools, equipment and machinery are safe and are kept safe. Other than that, Company must ensure that ways of storing, transporting or working with dangerous substances is safe and does not damage employees’ health. In addition, company provides employees with the information, instruction and training they need to do their job safely and without damaging their health. Furthermore, company must consult with employees about health and safety in the workplace. This will help company away from getting lawsuit by employees.

 

6.0關鍵風險因素---6.0 Critical Risk Factors

 

For starting up a new business, our business may face many risks in the future. Different factors may cause the risk. The critical risk factors that might face by our business in the future are management risks, marketing risks, operational risks and financial risks.

 

Under management risk, our business maybe dispute in management team due to any unforeseen reasons which may results to terminate any of members. In this case, when any of the management team members leaves the firm, he or she is not entitled to use the name of the firm. He or she cannot start the same business with any other name. Such risk is attempted to be controlled by including exclusive clauses in partnership deed. The equipment that use in our business is highly sophisticated and complex. Our business have attempted to repair or refurbish certain equipment damaged in the flooding; however, the remaining useful life of, and costs associated with maintaining, such equipment is uncertain. If repaired or refurbished equipment does not last as long as planned, our business may be required to increase capital expenditures to replace such equipment, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

In case of marketing, we realize that there may be any fault in our marketing plan. For the backup of this risk, we have different marketing plans, as if in any case plan A does not work the plan B will be executed. This is because it is difficult to completely avoid the impact of market fluctuations due to economic cycles in countries around the world and changes in the demand for end products and services. Market downturns, therefore, could lead to decline in product and services demand. In this situation, people will not spent extra moneys in beauty area, they prefer to spent their money on necessary daily needs such as food. Besides, natural disasters such as floods, tsunami, infection and other factors beyond the control of our business could adversely affect the our business operation. Hence, contingency plans needed to be prepared at the same time although these plans and insurances are not guaranteed to cover all the losses and damages incurred.

 

There may be a risk which can disturb the operations of the business such as production. Under procurement of raw materials, components, and production facilities, our business product are specify on use of natural components which are not include any chemical ingredient. Hence, the factory needs time for procurement of necessary raw materials, components and production facilities. This will cause supply problems will happen. This situation will affect our business. We may facing loss of customers if we do not have products that need in our services. To avoid supply problems related to these essential raw materials, components and production facilities, our business need to develop close relationships with multiple suppliers. Some necessary materials, however, are available only from specific suppliers.

 

In case of termination of any member there is a risk of finance that he or she may take his or her equity away which causes the business to suffer. To avoid this risk we have made certain clauses in our agreements that if any member decides to leave the business, he or she will not take his or her equity out of the business immediately. The time period to pay back the equity will be minimum 6 months. This will help our business can cope with this types of financial risk that can affect our business.

 

In another hand, there are probabilities happening flood in our country. Due to component supply constraints as a result of the flooding, the cost of certain component materials has increased and may continue to increase. In addition, during the flooding we entered into certain volume commitment agreements with certain of our component suppliers, which has resulted and may continue to result in the cost of certain components increasing over pre-flood levels. An increase in the cost of component materials that cannot be recovered through increased pricing could adversely affect our operating results.