異構(gòu)教育系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)換
 

摘要：
 

即使在這個技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展的世界里，也沒有什么專門為殘疾人所建立的教育系統(tǒng)，在這個世界上沒有一個專門的學(xué)校提供給有障礙的視力或聽力殘疾的學(xué)生，讓他們可以坐在普通教室與正常學(xué)生一樣獲得先鋒教育的教育體系。本文的基本思想是將異質(zhì)教育系統(tǒng)（HEES）轉(zhuǎn)換為均勻的教育系統(tǒng)，即通過利用語音技術(shù)專業(yè)，人工智能和數(shù)學(xué)概念為特殊學(xué)生提供一個平臺。這個學(xué)習(xí)和協(xié)作系統(tǒng)的提議可能為特殊人群提供了最好的教育，使他們可以在這個世界上變得有信心和有堅定的立場，能夠與他人相競爭。
 

關(guān)鍵詞：
 

同質(zhì)化，異質(zhì)性，人工智能，語音技術(shù)。
 

1引言
 

殘疾通常被定義為一個由于身體或精神喪失或限制的功能性能力或活動[ 1 ]。本文介紹了殘疾學(xué)生（盲，聾，啞）如何可以與正常學(xué)生坐在一個課堂上學(xué)習(xí)并參加講座。

 

 

Conversion Of Heterogeneous Education System Education Essay
 

ABSTRACT:
 

Even in this fast moving technological world, nothing productive has been done on educational grounds for disable people. Not a single institute in this world provides a system where students with impaired vision and/or hearing disability can sit in common classroom with normal students to acquire pioneer education. The fundamental idea behind this paper is to convert the heterogeneous education system (HeES) into homogeneous education system (HoES) i.e. to provide a platform to special students by using speech technology, artificial intelligence and mathematical concepts. The proposed learning and collaboration system provides possibly the best education to special people so that they can be confident and stand firm in this world and compete with individuals.
 

KEYWORDs:
 

Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, Artificial intelligence, Speech technology.
 

1 Introduction
 

Disability is usually defined as a loss or restriction of functional ability or activity as a result of body or mind [1]. This paper presents the idea of how disables (blind, deaf, dumb) can sit with normal students in a single class room and take lectures and can study well. Through proposed learning and collaboration education system the teacher will give lecture to the class it will be displayed on multi media for the deaf and dumb students so that they can see and can query through keyboard and pop up will be displayed on multi media and can be answered where as the normal and the blind will be able to listen the voice of teacher. Also recording and printing facility (in English, Sign and Braille) will be provided for the same lecture.#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#
 

The isolation of these disable people by creating special schools, has been an immense blunder which is been committed by this world. This is because these schools have resulted to prove special people as an isolated part of the society. Apparently, these schools have liberated the society to take these special people as their responsibility to formulate them as responsible citizens.
 

However, it is a very illustrious actuality that receiving education in a mainstream school is not a solution because responding to the requirements of disables is very important, and providing them with a proper and consistent syllabus is a biggest challenge of all times.
 

Moreover, Pakistanis believe that people with disabilities are a social burden and a curse on the family. These beliefs lead to the misunderstanding of disability. They prevent people from obtaining appropriate information and being educated. Employment opportunities for people with disabilities are very limited and so they are a financial burden for their families.[p]

By this system the teacher and the guardian can simply teach and talk to the special person doesn't need to learn the sign or Braille language first. By acquiring high education from good institutes they will be able to get good jobs and can lead a normal life.
 

2 Proposed Education System
 

This is an era of technology and with the information technology we can easily develop a homogeneous education system where students with impaired vision and/or hearing disability can sit in common classroom with normal students to acquire pioneer education .
 

The motivation theme behind proposed system is to provide excellence, pioneer education to children with impaired vision and/or hearing disability under a single classroom of the top most institutes all over the world. When we talk about special people here we are dealing with two categories, i.e.
 

Blind students
 

deaf and dumb students
 

Proposed learning and collaboration system for disables is endowed of providing a welcoming and friendly atmosphere so that special people do not feel isolated. It consists of teacher and group of normal and special students , forming a healthy and responsive classroom environment. Classes conducted according to this system is shown in Figure-1:
 

Figure-1
 

Figure-1 shows heterogeneous environment class room.
 

First row represent deaf persons who has normal computer keyboard in front.
 

Second row represents blind persons (wearing black glasses) and
 

Third row represents normal students,
 

Teacher will deliver lecture through mic the student on row third and second row easily understand because they have hearing capabilities. But in case of row first student who are deaf are not able to understand? Here we utilize the advantage of technology and use multimedia projector. When teacher deliver lecture through mic using algorithm the voice pattern will convert into text pattern and final text pattern convert into equivalent sign language on multimedia#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#
 

Techniques used in proposed System
 

Speech-to-text Conversion
 

Speaker is the one who speaks on mic and record sound in an environment which is absolutely noise free in order to have a loud and clear voice recording so that when the user speaks it in any place , then system recognizes it by pattern matching. The two issues come that by mic either sound is produce or noise.
 

Figure-2
 

To find set of characters from textual or binary data based on unique pattern called "Pattern Matching" .When the pattern is matched with the database(save in the of Sign or Braille patterns ) then we get the display on the screen in any form English alphabets, Braille and Sign.
 

Pattern matching
 

In general, recognition is based on a search process which takes into account all the possible segmentations of the input sequence into words. Proposed system is dealing with two categories of disables blind and deaf.
 

For pattern matching of blind persons we consider to be the basic building block of Braille a cell that contain six dots which are arranged in two columns and three rows.
 

Braille cell
 

Figure-3
 

In Braille any character or string is form when a dot is raised at any of the six positions to form sixty-four combinations (including the combination in which no dots are raised).Therefore the language of give cell will be
 

L(r.e) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 

To build patterns of Braille language we take following combinationBraille Alphabet

Braille cell

Figure-4

Table-1

Alphabets

Braille code

Alphabets

Braille code

a

1

n

1345

b

12

o

135

c

14

p

1234

d

145

q

12345

e

15

r

1235

f

124

s

234

g

1245

t

2345

h

125

u

136

i

24

v

1236

j

245

w

2456

k

16

x

1346

l

123

y

13456

m

134

z

1356
 

When the pattern is matched from the database then we get the display on the screen in Braille ,Sign and English alphabets. e.g. if a speaker speaks 'A' then the output will be displayed in three of the figure-5 languages so that normal ,blind and deaf person can make use of it and make their lives easy. Similar process is used for Sign language used for Deaf & Dumb persons.
 

Figure-5
 

2.1.3 Text-to-Speech conversion
 

Text-to-Speech technique facilitate deaf person in proposed system. When deaf taking lecture in the class room and want to ask any question they can type their queries from keyboard provided to them .The text pattern is convert into voice pattern using the same pattern matching algorithm.
 

Why proposed this System
 

Person with disabilities means a person who, on account of injury, disease, or congenital deformity, is handicapped in undertaking any gainful profession or employment, and includes persons who are visually impaired, hearing impaired, and physically and mentally disabled.[p] So we can say persons having any kind of disability are termed as "Special Person". The term "Special Persons" is being used all over the world; special persons have some deficiency than normal persons therefore they depend on others in some matters and as a result this disability is seen as a problem.
 

Persons with Disabilities face overwhelming barriers in education, skills development and daily life. [3]; The role of the professional is to assess the individual and help them function as near normal as is possible for them, to help them adapt psychologically and physically, to help them by treatment and rehabilitation to achieve the level of physical and intellectual functioning they are capable of.
 

To be a participant of the society, it is not confined to be a normal person who leads a ordinary life. Persons possessing disabilities, to an extent are capable of participating actively in society. With the passage of time, every effort is made to defeat all the hurdles which are faced by special persons, so that they would not feel indifferent and lead a normal life.

Barriers, mostly experienced by disables in periods earlier can maintain to have negative consequences on society even in present world. Special people attending their specific segregated schools still fail to achieve significant qualifications as compared to their non-disabled aristocrats. This failure may be a result of inability of their schools to provide them with a proper and normal prospectus. Disability is a removable problem which is created by people themselves. Therefore, controllable barriers may be removed through a productive and proper social approach. So there is need to introduce such education system to promote the best education to special people so that they can be confident and stand firm in this world and compete with individuals#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#
 

Features of the System
 

The main features of this system are given below.
 

For deaf students all the lecture delivered by teacher is converted in to text and appropriate Sign or Braille language. So that they can easily understand the given lecture.
 

By this system the teacher and the guardian can simply teach and talk to the special person do not need to learn the Sign or Braille language .
 

No need to purchase expensive translators or devices to explain and understand special language.
 

Printout and Recording facility is also available in proposed system . Special person can easily read or listen same lecture again.
 

For blind and deaf people the system produce printout in Sign and Braille for the students and their parents.
 

Designed system covers the above three disability homogenously unlike the available software's who gives separate solutions for separate disability.
 

User friendly
 

Domestic problem..............
 

Conclusion
 

The prime and initial objective of proposed system is to create a real time environment in the family of normal as well as in special persons like blinds and deaf to understand and respond all class teachings in a very effective way with high quality of education .This will address the day to day problems being faced by the deaf and blind so that they feel at ease in their normal life and never think of their disability at any stage as compared to normal persons.