第4議dissertation文件：Argumentative Essay
12-11, 2012
本文需要你了解一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問題。在這個(gè)問題上的不同立場(chǎng)，分析的基礎(chǔ)上采取的立場(chǎng)和捍衛(wèi)你的立場(chǎng)，呈現(xiàn)良好的
證據(jù)或反駁不利的證據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上指定的文章。
Objective
This paper requires you to understand a controversial issue and the various positions on this issue,
to take a position based on your analysis; and to defend your positions by presenting favorable
evidence or refuting unfavorable evidence based on the assigned articles.
Topic
Option 1: The Existence of Extraterrestrial Life
People have been arguing about the existence of the possibility of life outside of earth. Although
some evidence has shown this may be true, others have argued that this may only be a dream.
In paper 4a, you will explore this issue and people’s different perspectives by reading the
following two articles; and then follow the procedure laid below to finish your paper draft.
.
Wilford, J. N. (2003). Get set to say hi to the neighbors. In Rottenberg, A. T. (Ed.)
Elements of Argument: A Text and Reader. New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s
.
Browne, M. W. (2003). Left the light on, but nobody came. In Rottenberg, A. T. (Ed.)
Elements of Argument: A Text and Reader. New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s
Option 2: Cochlear Implant and the Deaf Culture
In Sound and Fury, you have watched the family’s struggle over whether or not to have the little
girl, Heather, go through the cochlear implant procedure. This is indeed a debate between the
family members. After watching the film, you should have a better understanding of their
situation and issue.
在4A紙，你會(huì)探討這個(gè)問題和人們的不同觀點(diǎn)反映后，紀(jì)錄片和閱讀中的一些摘錄的文章，然后按照以下步驟奠定
完成dissertation初稿。閱讀指定的文章，并采取票據(jù)（票據(jù)可以是你的想法，或復(fù)述和段落的主要觀點(diǎn)摘要）。
In paper 4a, you will explore this issue and people’s different perspectives by reflecting upon the
documentary and reading some excerpts of essays; and then follow the procedure laid below to
finish your paper draft.
.
Sound and Fury (2001). Documentary.
.
PBS. (2010). Materials compiled from discussions on the use of cochlear implant.
Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/ on Nov. 9, 2010.
Procedure
1.
Read the assigned articles and take notes (the notes can be your thoughts, or paraphrases and
summaries of the main ideas of the paragraphs)
2.
Draw an outline of the structure of your planned essay, addressing the following questions:
.
What is the controversial issue? How are you going to introduce it to make it sound
controversial?
1
.
How many different opinions are there concerning this issue? What are their main
supporting points?
.
What is your position on this issue? That will become your thesis statement.
.
What are your supporting points to defend your position? Those will become the topic
sentences.
.
What are some of the evidence you can use to support your views? http://www.400190.com/jyx Those will be your
supporting details.
3.
Fill in the blanks in the structural template
4.
Work on the rough draft (paper 4a)
5.
Revise and edit
6.
Work on the final draft (paper 4b)
Requirements
1.
Word limit: 800 – 1000 words
2.
See specific paragraph requirements in the structural template
Structural Template
Paragraph 1-2 Introduction
Requirements: the introduction should accomplish the following things.
1.
Describe some specific story briefly to introduce your issue.
2.
A transitional sentence that connects the attention getter to the background information.
3.
Write a few more sentences to introduce the more general topic that is related to your
issue. What is it? What do people think about this?
4.
Come back to your issue and your position. This is your thesis statement. You may add
optional summary of your supporting points here too.
(You can decide whether to have 1 or 2 paragraphs for your introduction.)
Paragraph 2 Definition of key terms
Requirements: the definition paragraph needs to define and explain the key terms in a
controversial issue. The purpose is to make things easier for you later on when you present your
arguments.
2
1.
What are the terms you want to define? Define them using the essays or some
dictionaries, or your own understandings. Consider why you define certain things in
certain ways, and explain that in your own words explicitly.
2.
If there are no key terms to define, think about the scope of your argument. Do you want
to set a limit with regard to what to argue for or what to argue against? Explain these
ideas here.
Paragraph 3 Supporting point I.
Requirements: present and explain the first supporting point.
1.
Topic sentence from your outline
2.
sub-point 1: q/p/s + explanations
3.
sub-point 2: q/p/s + explanations
4.
sub-point 3: q/p/s + explanations
Paragraph 4 Supporting point II.
Requirements: present and explain the first supporting point.
1.
Topic sentence from your outline
2.
sub-point 1: q/p/s + explanations
3.
sub-point 2: q/p/s + explanations
4.
sub-point 3: q/p/s + explanations
Paragraph 5 Supporting point III.
Requirements: present and explain the first supporting point.
1.
Topic sentence from your outline
2.
sub-point 1: q/p/s + explanations
3.
sub-point 2: q/p/s + explanations
4.
sub-point 3: q/p/s + explanations
Paragraph 6 Conclusions
Requirements: Conclude with a summary of your position and a restatement of your reasons and
why they are significant. Discuss things that you think might be true from the opposing side to
show that you have taken into account of the overall picture of an issue
1.
Why is the controversial issue of interest to you and the whole class? This is the
significance of your topic.
2.
What are different sides of views?
3.
What are your views and why do you think it is more reasonable than the others?
3
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