What should a dissertation proposal include？Writing a dissertation proposal is an initial phase before you start writing a thesis to receive your Master’s or Ph.D. degree. It is crucial to be innovative and exceptional. It has to reveal the importance of the research and outline the methodology of your future investigation. The paper enables you to verify proposal argument topics of the thesis, although it can be changed during the process of writing.

論文開(kāi)題應(yīng)該包括什么?寫論文開(kāi)題是你開(kāi)始寫論文以獲得碩士或博士學(xué)位之前的一個(gè)初始階段。創(chuàng)新和卓越是至關(guān)重要的。它必須揭示研究的重要性和概述你未來(lái)調(diào)查的方法。這篇論文可以讓你驗(yàn)證論文的提案論證主題，盡管它可以在寫作過(guò)程中改變。

一、What should a dissertation proposal include

From an example of a dissertation proposal, you will find that they are mostly written in the present tense. They should contain the introduction, conceptual framework, methodology, literature review, bibliography, and appendices. These sections are essential to the way you are going to argue your reasons for the research. As such, you should pay attention to the details you include I each one o them.

從一個(gè)論文開(kāi)題的例子中，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們大多是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)寫的。它們應(yīng)該包含導(dǎo)言、概念框架、方法、文獻(xiàn)綜述、參考書目和附錄。這些部分對(duì)于你論證研究理由的方式是至關(guān)重要的。正因?yàn)槿绱耍銘?yīng)該注意你寫進(jìn)去的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。

The structure of your dissertation proposal should, therefore, look like this:

The title

You need to come up with a working title to focus on during your research. The wording of the title is subject to change as you progress with the writing process. However, you need to ensure that the title means something in the first place. An important note here is that your future employers might ask you about the topic of your dissertation. As such, you have to think of the future as you come up with something that will be of interest.

The introduction

This section allows you to introduce your topic to the audience. You need to provide the audience with the backdrop to the more specific research. This is done by exploring the background to give the subject a wider context. The introduction is also, where you lay out your main thesis or hypothesis and then explain why the research is important in this area.

The body

When writing a dissertation proposal, your body should have the following sections:

methodology

This is where you outline all the methods that you will use to collect and prices your data. You have to show how and what you are going to do. If you are carrying out quantitative research, you must include a reference to a questionnaire, data source, or survey. More so, you need to have a clear scope of research. Explain why you have chosen those methods and why they are more specific to your research.

在這里，您可以概述用于收集數(shù)據(jù)和為數(shù)據(jù)定價(jià)的所有方法。你必須展示你要怎么做，要做什么。如果你正在進(jìn)行定量研究，你必須包括一個(gè)參考問(wèn)卷，數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源，或調(diào)查。更重要的是，你需要有一個(gè)明確的研究范圍。解釋你為什么選擇這些方法，為什么它們對(duì)你的研究更具體。

aims and objectives

As you write your dissertation proposal, you have to show the main issues that you are exploring. Let the audience know what you want to achieve and the main questions that you will answer. Ensure that you also make know your predictions.

Literature review

This is a chance for you to make a god argument concerning the importance of your research. You can also connect it to similar research, or present it as an extension to other existing studies. List all the relevant sources that you have consulted so far within your research. Show the audience how these sources have helped you in the research. You can also place your work alongside others to demonstrate and elaborate or contribute to the general field. This shows that you have prepared adequately for the process of writing a dissertation proposal. You can also include flaws that you might have identified in any existing work. This demands you to show the audience how you will avoid these flaws in your dissertation. The sources that you include in your literature review sections are the only ones that add value to your work.

這是一個(gè)讓你就你的研究的重要性發(fā)表意見(jiàn)的好機(jī)會(huì)。你也可以將其與類似的研究聯(lián)系起來(lái)，或者將其作為其他現(xiàn)有研究的延伸。列出所有你在你的研究中已經(jīng)咨詢過(guò)的相關(guān)資源。向觀眾展示這些資源是如何在研究中幫助你的。你也可以把你的工作和其他人放在一起，展示、闡述或?yàn)橐话泐I(lǐng)域做出貢獻(xiàn)。這表明你已經(jīng)為寫論文的過(guò)程做了充分的準(zhǔn)備。您還可以包括您可能在任何現(xiàn)有工作中發(fā)現(xiàn)的缺陷。這要求你向觀眾展示你將如何避免論文中的這些缺陷。你在文獻(xiàn)綜述部分所包含的資源是唯一對(duì)你的工作有價(jià)值的。

Limitations

As you write your a dissertation that is informative and effective, recognise the limits of that hinder you from exploring and presenting your current findings. It may be about word count that makes it hard to present some issues. This section shows the audience that you have engaged with your subject and are familiar with the wider concepts that relate to your topic.

當(dāng)你寫你的論文是信息豐富和有效的，認(rèn)識(shí)到阻礙你探索和展示你當(dāng)前的發(fā)現(xiàn)的局限性。可能是字?jǐn)?shù)的問(wèn)題，讓一些問(wèn)題難以呈現(xiàn)。這個(gè)部分向觀眾展示你已經(jīng)參與了你的主題，并且熟悉與你的主題相關(guān)的更廣泛的概念。

Ethical considerations

Any ethical considerations should be included in your dissertation proposal. For instance, do you have permission from the respondents to interview them?

Timeframe

Every dissertation proposal must have a timeframe within which the work will be delivered. It can be a chapter-by-chapter basis otherwise. Ensure that the timeframe is realistic to allow you to write a good paper.

Conclusion

When writing a dissertation, you do not necessarily require a conclusion, but you can close the paper with a few reminders of why you chose the topic the type of research you will carry out and the expected outcomes.

References

This is a list at the end of your proposal that shows the depth of your research. It acknowledges these sources of information and ensures that your dissertation proposal is free from any plagiarism. Any source that you have cited within the literature review section should have an entry in the reference list. You should not include any source that you have not cited in the body of your work I this list.

二、Dissertation proposal help

Before begin composing, think carefully about the structure. You need to realize what chapters or sections you are required to include; then you can divide your paper into several pieces and focus on each part separately. Consider the issue thoroughly and choose a relevant title that will reveal the matter of the investigation as much as possible. Try to make your title short and catchy.

在開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作之前，要仔細(xì)考慮結(jié)構(gòu)。你需要意識(shí)到你需要包括哪些章節(jié)或章節(jié);然后你可以把你的論文分成幾部分，分別關(guān)注每個(gè)部分。徹底地考慮問(wèn)題，選擇一個(gè)相關(guān)的標(biāo)題，將盡可能地揭示調(diào)查的問(wèn)題。盡量讓你的標(biāo)題簡(jiǎn)短而朗朗上口。

Read about the subject matter in the scientific journals and textbooks. The more you read, the more you are aware of the solutions to your issues. Consider that your dissertation proposal has to fit your thesis topic. As a rule, it is written in the future tense as the research has not been undertaken.

Plagiarism can break your dreams concerning your thesis. Whenever you want to introduce another author’s ideas, always mention the source and do not write the statement exactly as it is used, you can simply rephrase it instead.

抄襲會(huì)打破你對(duì)論文的夢(mèng)想。每當(dāng)你想介紹另一位作者的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，一定要提到出處，不要完全照搬原文，你可以簡(jiǎn)單地改一改。

三、The main points of dissertation proposal 

Organize regular meetings with your scientific supervisor. The supervisor can advise you on what scientific literature to look through, what methods to use better, and where to start your investigation. More importantly, he can direct your initial ideas into a strategic plan of the study.

Check for additional requirements that might appear depending on the grade and specificity of the course. Your university can provide you with a dissertation proposal sample to understand the demands on writing it. Sometimes an aim and objectives are demanded to write separately, or literature review section doesn’t need to be included, or extra sections are required.

根據(jù)成績(jī)和課程的特殊性，查看可能出現(xiàn)的額外要求。你的大學(xué)可以提供你的論文建議樣本，以了解寫作的要求。有時(shí)需要一個(gè)目的和目標(biāo)分開(kāi)寫，或者文獻(xiàn)綜述部分不需要包括在內(nèi)，或者需要額外的部分。

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