導讀：這是一篇英美文學方向的essay范文，討論了海明威小說《雨中的貓》?！队曛械呢垺肥敲绹≌f家海明威早期的代表作品。該小說講述了一位和丈夫在意大利停留的美國女子在一個雨天偶然看到一只試圖躲雨的小貓，于是鉤動惻隱之心，意欲將貓救下可是當女子沖入雨中找貓的時候小貓卻不見了蹤影，于是一整天女子都魂不守舍地在記掛著那只雨中的貓。傍晚時分，飯店老板卻派人給她送來了一只漂亮的花斑貓，“貓”在小說中蘊含著豐富的隱喻意義。
 
The cat in the rain is a representative work of the early American novelist Ernest Hemingway. The novel tells the story of an American woman and her husband staying in Italy on a rainy day accidentally saw a cat is trying to shelter from the rain, so the hook move compassion, to save cat but when woman rushed into the rain to find the cat cat is gone, so women's spaced out all day in spite of the cat in the rain. In the evening the restaurant owner sent her a beautiful tabby cat. The novel embodies Hemingway's consistent concise style and the "iceberg theory principle" of his creation aesthetics. The plot of the novel can be simply condensed into "losing a cat, looking for a cat, and finding a cat". In my opinion, this circular plot clue is also an embodiment of the inner structure and form of the novel. As an important image of this film, "cat" also contains rich metaphorical meaning. New criticism theorists think that: "the key to read a story is to see the inner forms of the story and the vapor into the form of image", therefore, this article in the new criticism theory under the guidance of "cats" the main image of the novel and the deep structure to excavate the novel rich cultural metaphor meaning.
《雨中的貓》是美國小說家海明威早期的代表作。這部小說講述了一個美國女人和她的丈夫住在意大利，在雨天不小心看見一只貓正試圖躲避雨,于是鉤動惻隱之心，意欲將貓救下可是當女子沖入雨中找貓的時候小貓卻不見了蹤影，于是一整天女子都魂不守舍地在記掛著那只雨中的貓。晚上，餐館老板送給她一只漂亮的虎斑貓。小說體現了海明威一貫簡潔的風格和創作美學的“冰山理論原則”。小說的情節可以簡單地概括為“失貓、尋貓、得貓”。在我看來，這個圓形的情節線索也是小說內部結構和形式的體現?！敦垺纷鳛楸酒闹匾蜗?，也蘊含著豐富的隱喻意義。新批評主義理論家認為:“讀故事的關鍵是看故事的內在形式和蒸汽的形式形象”,因此,本文在新批評理論的指導下“貓”小說的主要形象和挖掘小說的深層結構豐富的文化隱喻意義。
As one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century, Hemingway wrote many classic works. Although in the light of so much of the world's shining work, "cat in the rain", Hemingway's early masterpiece, seems to be less than dazzling. However, it has attracted the attention of many Chinese and foreign literary researchers for decades. In particular, the main Hemingway researchers have conducted in-depth studies on the work from different aspects. The critics for the works of foreign research mainly from the new historicism, feminism, narrative and other aspects, but almost all these studies finally get the conclusion: "Hemingway used and its concise and powerful strokes, history will be written into the short novel, he tells the story of the real history in the form of text, or under the big historical struggle of gender identity" domestic also has many commentators on the theory of new criticism to research the main image of the novel Hemingway USES symbolic writing style in great quantities to mining. Major part of researchers from the novel image such as "cat" "rain" such as "candle", this paper analysis the image of metaphor meaning to conclude: "these women image is full of rich symbols, it expresses the author sympathy and concern of women's status. At the same time, it also expresses the decades of feminist struggle, but what women really want is a happy marriage and family... All of this seems to be back to the beginning, and Hemingway has revealed a profound cultural metaphor in this short story. Although these studies using different literary theory start to analyze it from different sides but these studies did not discuss the basic structure of the work, and according to the theory of new criticism, novel "inner form and structure is the foundation is to convey the meaning of literary works is one of the main body", so the author will mainly analyze the work of "organic form" to dig out the rich cultural implications.#p#分頁標題#e#
 
The new criticism theory holds that "various images in literary works interact with each other in an organic form to create and convey meaning". As the "cat" contains the main image of the work and its rich connotation and its interaction with the main image of the novel form of the novel the inner structure and form of a "circle". The image of "cat" appears at the beginning of the novel, with the reader looking at a kitten "crouching in the green table" with the eyes of the "American wife". She rushed into the rain to save the cat who was trapped by the heavy rain. But when she came to the table, the cat disappeared. After that, the limited plot of the novel is centered around a cat that is only wanted. In the novel, the cat in the rain is not just an animal, it is a weak, helpless, waiting for salvation. And this coincides with the image of women in the patriarchal society for thousands of years. The bible, one of the sources of western culture, describes the origin of man. God created the first man Adam, a man, and the woman eve is a rib in Adam's body. Eve is the temptation of the devil by a snake eat first after wisdom had bewitched Adam ate the forbidden fruit, thus human against the will of god banished from the garden of Eden to human forever "suffering" tour, which is the so-called "original sin".
 
Therefore, the beginning of mankind is a man, and the source of sin is woman, therefore, women are regarded as the object of salvation in essence. In "cats in the rain", Hemingway takes a male, or even a god, view of the woman and the cat as two references. The cat is trapped in the rain and the American wife is trapped in marriage and self. To a certain extent, the cat in the novel, shivering in the rain, is the woman herself, or the one who makes the woman miss and feel so much love. The "American wife" in the novel is not named, but the husband is called George, which makes the image of the woman more imagistic. In a broader sense, the wind and rain the kitten is the middle of the twentieth century, after several times feminism women facing dilemma: feminist movement for women obtained the certain power, the new women "had a French short hair and wear a suit pants, like a man smoking, drinking, chatting loudly in the street... However, like the "American wife" in the novel, in the deep heart of women, these women's external liberation does not bring happiness and solutions to women. In the novel "the cat in the rain", Hemingway to its keen social insight, accurate with few words convey the "new woman" the plight of women return to room after find cats may not we can't forget and express themselves repeatedly has a the cat, she picked up a mirror to the left and pictures to the husband said, "I want to keep long hair... The way I look now really turns me off. I'm tired of looking like a boy."
 
So she continued to look into the mirror and imagined her long hair. In addition, the "American wife" in the novel does not come from the outside but from itself, which makes it more and more sad. The struggle, after the change, still wants to go back to the traditional woman's shell, to find the lost kitten in the storm. However, at the end of the novel cat this image concrete representation, only from restaurant owners is a big and beautiful spotted cat it brings to the "American wife" is amazed, as experienced all this after the baptism of women's rights and traditional woman again, more prominence and happiness does not come.#p#分頁標題#e#
 
The whole story revolves around the discovery of the cat, the cat, and finally the structure of a tabby cat. This is a circular narrative structure. The structure itself represents a cycle of female identity, while the circle represents a blockage and a dilemma. Cat this image of the novel is the "American wife" in the novel a externalization of self-identification, although the novel space is limited, really only two lines of text to describe the cat, however, less than twenty words, but throughout and let the reader feel "cat in the rain" this name right, why such a contrast? Although in my opinion the cat just a moment, but over the whole, it is the no name woman oneself, even is to imagine a self in her mind, a former, weak, waiting to be protected and redemption of traditional women drive shell, it is one thousand to a symbol of expression of giving women in the patriarchal society, but affected by the feminist movement burst forth new brave women are in the inner depths of their longing for a return to the family, "lit candles" "stay up long hair. It is women themselves do not escape from a reincarnation, Hemingway here with a simple enough pieces, mix the writing technique of the outline of the era of women facing the reality of the dilemma, the dilemma does not seem to have a break. Because the blockade is within the circle.
 
The first paragraph of the novel USES a natural paragraph to introduce the geographical environment of the hotel. The author tells the story from the American couple's point of view: "there is no one in the column who they know. The seaside hotel in Italy, away from the city blatant "because the paper stressed several times the war memorial, which is opposite the hotel this is, of course, have the effect of the replacement time but it has also revealed the people to go a long way to the readers in the war memorial. Result from the geographical point of view, they stop to the hotel is a small self closed environment, the rain is an important image characterization, in the novel is caught in the rain the kitten, is stuck in the rain, and rain cut off to sketch artist. Rain also symbolizes the plight of the women encountered, this dilemma is not just about women in the process of struggle, stuck in the family, but also refers to women after protests from the outside into the new ranks of women after the actual inner anxiety and confusion. At the end of the novel, the rain was still falling, but at the end of the day, the owner of the restaurant brought a beautiful tabby cat to the American wife. From the perspective of narrative structure, the representation of the cat has completed a circular narrative structure, but it has made the female predicament more intense and profound. Although the cat may not be the "American wife" after the anxiety, in the room to the mirror to self-pity, disturbing. But when the hotel waiter holding the cat, knock on the door, obviously a woman's face is a face of surprise, because the waiter arms cat, that one is belong to her cat is not to let her/want to get and protect the cat in the rain, but a larger, more beautiful spotted cat. It symbolizes the women return home again after a struggle back to the original give up her image in the patriarchal society, but not as a once its regression, the regression does not bring happiness, so as if women are trapped in this kind of like the fate of reincarnation, I don't know whether to run away in brewing the next? But then the development of history also proves that the image and dilemma of the modern female state portrayed by Hemingway in the novel is indeed in circulation.#p#分頁標題#e#
 
The readers and critics of Hemingway and most of his works have shown a strong style, with few female protagonists. "The cat in the rain" is Hemingway's one of the few women centered to explore modern women survival of the state of the novel, the novel use of "poetry writing skills" clever use of "rain" and "cat" two main image constructed a circular narrative structure, the structure symbol after several rights movement women seem to be difficult to escape a cycle: Through curing images of women in the patriarchal society, but can not get happiness has been as the cat in the rain, so want to regain the traditional female image self-salvation, finally seems to achieve a goal, as the "American wife" in a novel eventually got a cat, but the cat brought her more and consternation. Hemingway told the reader a cultural prophecy about the modern woman with his cold brushwork, which was infinite and sad but helpless.