這篇dissertation主要描述的是美國作家哈利特托斯的《湯姆叔叔的小屋》，描述了奴隸制度下對奴隸了主人的影響，描繪出奴隸制度的殘暴和社會存在的排斥黑人的法律法規不公正的現象，這部小說也巧妙的向讀者展示出了奴隸制度的荒繆和矛盾之處，促進了大量黑人刻板印象的產生，是一本經典的反對奴隸制度的小說。

Harriet Beacher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin addresses the issue of slavery in close accordance with the style of Frederick Douglas' narrative. A theme that Stowe impresses strongly upon the reader is the degenerative effects of slavery upon both the slave and the master. Frequently in the novel the issue is raised . Even Mrs. Shelby recognizes the depravity and admits that slavery, "is a bitter, bitter, most accursed thing- a curse to the master and a curse to the slave!"(45). The injustices of slavery are frequently identified in the novel but, of course, the practice is continued. Many of those involved in holding slaves are sensitive to the problem. Mr. Shelby, for instance, is not contented by the idea but enjoys the benefits out of what he deems necessity.

 

The inherent problem of slavery is again stated when John Van Trompe is being described. His worn appearance is attributed to the ,"workings of a system equally bad for oppressor and oppressed,"(105). The novel also dexterously demonstrates the absurdities and contradictions of slavery. For instance, Mr. Shelby's actions are strongly contradictory to his statements.

 

He believes himself to be a good Christian man with a genuine respect for his slaves. Yet the fact that he holds slaves opposes all that he says and although his treatment of slaves is better than most master's, he still is not respectful of them. For example, in the first chapter when Shelby and Haley are discussing the ensuing trade, Harry enters the room and Shelby has him dance around like a clown and then tosses raisins at him. Also, Mr. Harris, a slave owner, in defense of his relocating George asserts that, "it's a free country sir; the man's mine,"(24). It is also ironic that after George invents a machine to clean hemp the employer congratulates not George, but George's master for owning such a fine slave.

 

Another example that effectively illustrates the strong contradictions and absurdities of slavery and slave owners is the philosophy of Haley concerning the proper treatment of slaves. Haley, whose practice is to buy and sell people asserts that, "its always best to do the humane thing,"(16) and that it is good to have a conscience, "just a little, you know, to swear by,"(13). Another topic often addressed in the novel is exclusion of blacks in the law and the injustice of the entire condition. It is noted several times that in the eye of the law, blacks are not considered men, but things.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

But much to the credit of the slaves it is demonstrated that, "the man could not become a thing,"(23). Even after the constant forcing to subservience the slaves continue to show hope by questioning the legitimacy of the situation. George identifies the inequity and asks, "Who made this man my master?"(27). And again, later in the novel, George denies the fact that the country's laws are his. He refuses to include himself as a part of the white man's country and asks only to be allowed to leave peaceably so that he can be a part of another country; one whose laws he will consider his own and will gladly oblige.

 

The novel is extremely effective in conveying the inhumanity concerning slavery and does so in an honest manner. The preposterousness of such practice is clearly identified by the reader and illustrated remarkably well by Stowe. Stowe also discerningly demonstrates the disheartening fact that, "slavery always ends in misery".