美國諾特丹高中歷史方面的留學生高中英語essay怎么寫-Taiwan history Research Paper

 

_____ - Minimum of 3, Maximum of 3.5 pages (3 Points for less/over limits)

_____ - 12 point Times New Roman font with 1” margins, double-spaced, no extra spaces b/n paragraphs, paragraphs indented one-half inch, MLA pagination

_____ - Past tense when discussing events other than those continuing today

_____ - No first or second person, third person used clearly when used

_____ - Formal language only – no slang, clichés, colloquialisms, contractions, no “statements of purpose”,  No run-ons or sentence fragments, No spelling, grammar errors

 

Paper Format and Content:

 

Introductory Paragraph (4 to 6 Sentences):  _____/15:

 

_____ - Introductory Sentence: introduces general topic, time period, location

_____ - Background: General statement taking reader from general introduction to thesis - each sentence relates to, and flows logically from, the preceding sentence; gets more and more specific to set up Thesis.  Specifically in this paper – a discussion about revolutions, freedom and security.

_____ - Thesis Statement:  

? Directly, specifically answers essay question – takes a stand based on research

? States three factors to be discussed in same order (most important to least)

? One sentence – last sentence of paragraph

? Understandable as a stand alone sentence – summarizes point of entire paper

? Shows topic is worth writing about

 

Background Paragraph – Facts/Background about Country and Revolution:  _____/15

 

_____ - Topic sentence refers to topic of paper/entire paragraph

_____ - Provides all relevant facts about country and origins of revolution

_____ - Concluding sentence concludes subject of entire paragraph

_____ - Includes necessary and accurate MLA parenthetical citation for all facts discussed (since all information in this paragraph is factual)

____ - 引言句：介紹一般的話題，時間段，地點#p#分頁標題#e#

_____ - 背景：一般錄取口供讀者從一般介紹dissertation - 每個句子涉及到流邏輯，前面的句子;得到更多的和更具體的dissertation。具體來說，在本文 - 革命，自由和安全的討論。

_____ - dissertation聲明：

?直接，具體答案的作文題 - 需要一個獨立研究的基礎上

?三個因素相同的順序（最重要的是至少要討論）

?句 - 段最后一句

?可以理解的，作為一個獨立的句子 - 總結點整紙

?表演主題是值得書寫

 

背景段落 - 關于國家與革命的事實/背景： _____ / 15

 

_____ - 主題句是指的紙/整個段落的主題

_____ - 提供所有有關的事實，國家和革命的起源

_____ - 總結性的句子總結整個段落的主題

_____ - 在本段是事實，因為所有的信息，包括必要的和準確的工作重點討論所有事實（括號引用）

 

Body Paragraph #1 – Proves Factor #1 (most convincing) of the Thesis:  _____/15

 

_____ - Topic Sentence – introduces Factor & Refers to topic of paper/paragraph 

_____ - First Supporting Argument (claim and fact/evidence from a reliable source) 

_____ - Commentary to prove Argument – how argument proves thesis 

_____ - Internal transition

_____ - Second Supporting Argument (claim and fact/evidence from a reliable source)

_____ - Commentary to prove Argument – how argument proves thesis 

_____ - Conclusion of entire paragraph

_____ - External Transition to next paragraph/factor

_____ - Paragraph contains information from expert authorities/reliable, relevant sources

_____ - 3 or 4 parenthetical citations in accurate MLA format to give credit for information used

 

Body Paragraph #2 – Proves Factor #2 (less convincing) of the Thesis:  _____/15

 

_____ - Topic Sentence – introduces Factor & Refers to topic of paper/paragraph 

_____ - First Supporting Argument (claim and fact/evidence from a reliable source) 

_____ - Commentary to prove Argument – how argument proves thesis 

_____ - Internal transition

_____ - www.400190.com Second Supporting Argument (claim and fact/evidence from a reliable source)

_____ - Commentary to prove Argument – how argument proves thesis 

_____ - Conclusion of entire paragraph

_____ - External Transition to next paragraph/factor

_____ - Paragraph contains information from expert authorities/reliable, relevant sources

_____ - 3 or 4 parenthetical citations in accurate MLA format to give credit for information used

 

Body Paragraph #3 – Proves Factor #3 (least convincing) of the Thesis:  _____/15

 

_____ - Topic Sentence – introduces Factor & Refers to topic of paper/paragraph 

_____ - First Supporting Argument (claim and fact/evidence from a reliable source) 

_____ - Commentary to prove Argument – how argument proves thesis 

_____ - Internal transition

_____ - Second Supporting Argument (claim and fact/evidence from a reliable source)

_____ - Commentary to prove Argument – how argument proves thesis 

_____ - Conclusion of entire paragraph

_____ - Paragraph contains information from expert authorities/reliable, relevant sources

_____ - 3 or 4 parenthetical citations in accurate MLA format to give credit for information used

 

Concluding Paragraph:  _____/15

 

_____ - Restatement of Thesis – Directly answers topic question, refers to topic of paper, and states three factors in new wording - but takes same position as original Thesis

_____ - Summarizes 2 – 3 Best Arguments – Summary of the 2 or 3 best arguments shows the thesis was proved in body paragraphs, not cited again – no new information

_____ - No opinions or morals of the story

_____ - So What? Statement – why does the overall discussion matter?

 

Appendices – If included:  

_____ - Precedes the Works Cited

_____ - Includes tables, illustrations, data, complicated statistics, referenced in paper

_____ - Double spaced, each appendix – new sheet, MLA pagination, and format

 

Works Cited:  _____/10

 

_____ - Lists all sources actually used and cited in paper – 5 primary and 2 secondary minimum

_____ - Format - Title centered one inch from top edge of paper, MLA pagination continued, doubled-spaced, hanging indentation, sources in MLA alphabetical order

_____ - Sources listed in correct MLA citation format – punctuation, all required information included, all titles capitalized, 

 

Overall Critical Thinking Translated into Writing:

 

• Clarity:  Is language understandable, does writing flow, can a reader follow arguments?#p#分頁標題#e#

• Accuracy:  Are your statements of argument based on evidence from your sources?

• Precision:  Are statements exact and definite – do they say what you intend to say?

• Logic:  Do your arguments make logical sense based on the facts, evidence and commentary presented?  

 

Additional Comments:

 

Research Paper 2011 - Format Requirements

 

? Length:  3 to 3.5 pages (not including the Works Cited or any appendices).  I will not read past 3.5 pages and will mark down significantly any paper that is less than 3 FULL pages 

 

? Spacing and Font:  Typed, double-spaced, in Times New Roman 12 point font.  NO other fonts.  

 

? Margins:  1” margins on all sides.  Be sure to set your margins – and always check them immediately before printing your paper.

 

? Indenting Paragraphs: Paragraphs should be indented half an inch.

 

? No Binders/Folders, Etc.: Simply staple the paper in the top left-hand corner. 

 

? Pagination: Paginate each page consecutively with your last name and page number in the top right hand corner throughout the paper (including the first page).  Page numbers will be one-half inch from the top and one inch from the right-hand edge of the paper. Most word processing programs provide for a "running head," which you can set up as you create the format for the paper, at the same time you are establishing things like the one-inch margins and the double-spacing. Then, double-space between the page number and the top line of text.  Do not use the abbreviation p. or any other mark before the page number.  

 

? Tables, Figures, Images: Tables should be labeled "Table," given an Arabic numeral, and captioned (with those words flush to the left-hand margin). Other material such as photographs, images, charts, and line-drawings should be labeled "Figure" and be properly numbered and captioned.

 

Research Paper Form Rules:  This should be a review of the writing form rules you learned last year.  Again, as you write your research paper, follow all of these rules – use them as a checklist before you turn in your research paper:#p#分頁標題#e#

 

Use formal expository writing/language:

 

• Do not use slang, colloquialisms, abbreviations or contractions.  These are signs of lazy thinking or an overly casual attitude:  Examples:

 

No Slang/Colloquialisms:  Hitler was totally dense, but Churchill was so cool!

No Abbreviations:  The scientist was from CA.  

No Contractions:  The French Revolution didn’t change France much. 

 

• Use the shortest/clearest words you can find.  Do not use “flowery” language when you can use shorter/clearer words.  Do not use multi-syllable word unless you are SURE of its meaning and usage.  It is much better to use simple language than to use a word or phrase incorrectly!  Example:  

 

The art of the Romantic Period explored sensibility as the new human law of the heart and metaphors of organic growth.  (huh?)

 

• Do not use run-on sentences or sentence fragments.  Examples:  

 

Run-on: The Nazis decided to conquer a huge empire because they wanted to have control over many areas and spread their power and ideas, and to become the most rich and powerful country in all of the world and they also wanted to revive the earlier greatness of the German people which they felt they had lost unfairly due to earlier conflicts and the unfairness of the League of Nations.  

 

Fragment:  The Romans were very militaristic.  Because they valued war and wealth.

 

• Always write in PAST tense in history papers.  If you are comparing historical events to modern events, all of the events have already happened.  So, you always use past tense.  Example:

 

The philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment influenced the style of government seen today in certain western countries.

 

• Do not use “first person”, “second person” or “third person”.  These are basically three different ways to refer to I, we, us, you, and he or she. Examples:

? First Person:  I, me, my, we, our, and so on. 

? Second Person: you and your. 

? Third Person: he, she, they, their, his, hers, him, her, and so on#p#分頁標題#e#

 

• Use internal transitions (transitions within paragraphs) and external transitions (transitions between paragraphs).  Transitions are essential to help your reader understand that you are moving on to your next point.  

 

Examples of Transition Words:  and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, what's more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.)

 

• Do not include “statements of purpose”. You don’t need to tell the reader what you intend to say or what you just explained. Just SAY it!  

 

Examples:

 

“This paper will…;” “In conclusion…;” 

“As you can see…;” “In this paper I will…”, 

“these points prove that…”  

 

• Use the Active Voice: Sentences in active voice are usually easier to understand than those in passive voice because active-voice constructions indicate clearly the performer of the action expressed in the verb. In addition, changing from passive voice to active often results in a more concise sentence. So use active voice unless you have good reason to use the passive. 

Examples:  

Active Voice (clear):  The committee decided to postpone the vote.

 

Passive Voice (not as clear):  A decision was reached buy the committee to postpone the vote.

 

• Stick to the topic of the RESEARCH PAPER QUESTION: During the entire paper writing process (planning, outlining and writing and proofing) make sure that you are fulfilling the purpose of the research paper.  Don’t get sidetracked.  Concentrate on the paper question you are being asked to answer and the evidence provided by your source material.

 

• Keep Your Personal Views in the Background!   You must convince your reader of your position based on your arguments and elaboration, NOT based on your opinions.  Your opinions are not convincing and are irrelevant to your paper. 

 

Example:  Even if you strongly believe that Louis XVI was a male chauvinist and a dog hater, a research paper about the effects of the French Revolution on later #p#分頁標題#e# western democracies is not the place to discuss your opinion.

 

When you finish writing, proofread and revise your paper:

  

• Proof, Proof, Proof your paper carefully!  Don’t think that you can sit down at the computer and write a research paper that will earn you a decent grade!  Your teacher will be well aware of how little effort you put into the assignment and your grade will reflect that lack of effort. 

 

• Read your paper aloud before you prepare your final copy.  Some people can HEAR errors better than they can see them. (And you can bet that your teachers WILL pick up those errors!)

 

• Always check the final copy carefully for omitted words and careless errors.  If your eye for mistakes is not good, ask a nit-picking friend (or relative) to review your work.   Remember that no computer software spell-checker is perfect!